Auditing and Ethics Health Care Holdings Group

Question: Talk about the Auditing and Ethics for Health Care Holdings Group. Answer: Presentation Evaluating is one of the most significant viewpoints for a business association. To get the consideration of the financial specialists, the yearly report of organizations must be inspected. Examining is the way toward testing and assessing all the bookkeeping and money related records of the organizations (Louwers et al., 2013). At the hour of leading the review activities, the inspectors should be moral towards their work. They should be capable towards their occupations and must comply with the standards of examiners freedom. AccountingProfessional Ethical Standards (APES) 110 contains the guidelines and guidelines in regards to the duty of the evaluators (Ball, Tyler Wells, 2015). Dangers According to the standards of reviewers autonomy, the evaluator ought to be liberated from each sort of money related premiums from the customers property. It is the most extreme prerequisite of review calling that the inspectors will be moral and genuine towards their work (Hoos, d'Arcy Messier, 2012). The given instance of Fellowes and Associates shows that two sorts of dangers can be shown up. The potential dangers are talked about beneath: First Situation: The given circumstance says that one of the records partners of Fellowes and Associates possesses portions of Health Care Holdings Group (HCHG). Similar records partner of Fellowes and Associates was the individual from the review group that proposed to review the records of HCHG. According to APES 110, one of the significant standards of inspectors autonomy is that the examiners can't buy any portions of the review customer. Then again, APES 110 additionally makes reference to that the evaluators should be moral just as liable for the work they do. The examiners are the agent of the ordinary citizens and there must not be any sort of biasness in their review choice (Apesb.org.au 2016). The partner of Fellowes and Associates has penetrated the standards of APES 110 by buying the portions of HCHG. Consequently, the potential danger that can be shown up is the Self-Interest Threat of the reviewers. This is a significant offense as this occurrence can impact the dynamic procedure of the evaluators (Bosse Phillips, 2016). Second Situation: The subsequent circumstance says that Fellowes and Associates were occupied with the valuation of licensed innovation of HCHG. They have esteemed the impalpable resources of the HCHG worth $30 million that was remembered for the monetary record of the organization on 30 June 2014; yet the scholarly properties of HCHG was esteemed by Fellowes and Associates on 1 March 2014. Then again, the scholarly properties were considered as material to HCHG. There is an issue in the valuation of the scholarly properties of HCHG by Fellowes and Associates. Fellowes and Associates considered a similar measure of $30 million on 30 June 2014 that was esteemed by Fellowes and Associates on 1 March 2014. Fellowes and Associates maintained a strategic distance from the way that the estimation of the scholarly properties may be changed from 1 March 2014 to 30 June 2014. The review firm dismissed the revaluation of the scholarly properties of HCHG. As indicated by APES 110, this demonstr ation of Fellowes and Associates represents the potential danger that is Revaluation Threat. Then again, Fellowes and Associates penetrated the standards of materiality by indicating the scholarly properties as material in the books of HCHG. This demonstration of Fellowes and Associates damaged the honesty of review calling that represents the danger of materiality (Cowton, 2013). Remedial Measures and Safeguards According to the above conversation, it tends to be seen that there are some significant dangers that can be shown up in the given two circumstances. They are Self-Interest danger, Revaluation of advantages dangers and Materiality dangers. Despite the fact that these are the significant dangers of inspecting, with the assistance of successful restorative measures, these dangers can be killed. According to the primary circumstance, a bookkeeper of Fellowes and Associates has bought the portions of the review customer, HCHG. This infers the bookkeeper has money related enthusiasm for the abundance of HCHG and in this manner, it represents the danger of personal responsibility. According to the restorative activity, Fellowes and Associates need to supplant the situation of the bookkeeper with another (Islam, 2015). This is the main move that can be made to take out the danger of personal responsibility. In the subsequent circumstance, Fellowes and Associates wrongly esteemed the scholar ly properties of HCHG; then again, the scholarly properties were appeared in the books of HCHG as material. This is a genuine offense as it makes the dangers of Revaluation and materiality. As a remedial activity, Fellowes and Associates should revalue the scholarly properties of HCHG by another group of their firm so the right estimation of the scholarly properties can be appeared in the books of HCHG. The subsequent stage will be to show the scholarly properties of HCHG as insignificant in the books of HCHG (iia.org.au 2016). End From the above conversation, it very well may be said that the inspectors of the associations need to keep up the standards and guidelines of APES 110 that incorporates the standards reviewers autonomy. According to the given circumstance, the demonstrations of Fellowes and Associates toward HCHG presents three sorts of dangers; they are Self-Interest danger, Revaluation danger and Materiality danger. All the dangers are significant dangers. Three remedial measures are given to stay away from these dangers. Therefore, from the entire investigation, it tends to be inferred that the reviewers need keep up the gauges of morals at the hour of evaluating. On the other hand, the examiners need to consent to the standards of APES 110. References Chimps 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants. (2016).apesb.org.au. Recovered 28 December 2016, from https://www.apesb.org.au/transfers/principles/apesb_standards/standard1.pdf Ball, F., Tyler, J., Wells, P. (2015). Is review quality affected by reviewer relationships?.Journal of Contemporary Accounting Economics,11(2), 166-181. Bosse, D. A., Phillips, R. A. (2016). Organization hypothesis and limited self-interest.Academy of Management Review,41(2), 276-297. Cowton, C. J. (2013). Bookkeeping ethics.The International Encyclopedia of Ethics. Hoos, F., d'Arcy, A. C., Messier, W. (2012, March). Serving two experts: Experimental proof on interior reviewers' autonomy. In1er WORKSHOP Audit. Islam, M. A. (2015). Diagram. InSocial Compliance Accounting(pp. 1-10). Springer International Publishing. Louwers, T. J., Ramsay, R. J., Sinason, D. H., Strawser, J. R., Thibodeau, J. C. (2013).Auditing and confirmation administrations. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. New ASX inside review rules to support investor esteem. (2016).iia.org.au. Recovered 28 December 2016, from https://www.iia.org.au/technicalResources/knowledgeitem.aspx?ID=274

Microsoft Word Tips Creating a List of Charts and Figures

Microsoft Word Tips Creating a List of Charts and Figures Making a List of Charts and Figures Adding diagrams and figures to a school paper or business report includes visual effect, which can assist you with coming to your meaningful conclusion all the more obviously. Notwithstanding, in the event that you are utilizing outlines or figures, you additionally need to make them simple to discover for your peruser. This is the reason Microsoft Word offers a fast method of including a rundown of graphs and figures to a report. Peruse on to discover how this functions. A rundown of figures. Including Images and Captions You can add pictures or diagrams to a report in Microsoft Word by means of the Illustrations area of the Insert tab on the primary lace (you can likewise import outlines from Excel). Including pictures and diagrams. To make a rundown of the figures and diagrams, however, you’ll likewise need to include subtitles. There are two fundamental approaches to do this: Right snap the picture or outline and select Insert Caption from the menu Spot the cursor where you need to include an inscription and select Insert Caption from the References tab on the lace (or from the Insert tab if you’re utilizing Word for Mac) Including inscriptions. This will open another window where you can include your subtitle message and select a mark type. For diagrams and figures, the â€Å"Figure† mark is normally best. Ensure all pictures and graphs that you need to list have inscriptions with a similar name type. Including subtitle content. Making a List of Charts and Figures When you have added all the subtitles to your record, you can create a programmed rundown of diagrams and figures. To do this on a PC, you have to: Spot the cursor where you need to include the rundown Go to the Captions segment of the References tab Snap Insert Table of Figures Pick a name type from the menu and snap OK Choosing a name type. To do something very similar on Mac PCs, select Table of Figures from the Index and Tables area of the Insert menu. This will produce a rundown of diagrams and figures dependent on the inscription content for pictures with that name type. On the off chance that you make further alters to the report, you can refresh the rundown at the dash of a catch (basically select it and snap Update Table). Refreshing a rundown of figures.

Investigating Relationship of Sustainable Supply †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Examine about the Investigating Relationship of Sustainable Supply. Answer: Presentation: Coles constantly will in general follow a portion of the significant highlights in execution the board so as to rouse an individual worker who is presently failing to meet expectations at the work environment. Subsequent to assessing the whole case situation of Coles it has been dissected that utilization of despotic initiative style at the working environment has de-inspired the representatives towards arriving at the business objective. In this sort of circumstance the business directors of Coles have chosen to actualize a portion of the significant methodologies of human asset advancement for upgrading the representative execution. So as to be a productive head supervisor an individual needs to keep a control on generally procedure of store the board (Aguinis, Gottfredson and Joo 2012). Client the executives, keeping up a harmony between item flexibly and request, making database on the general deals development of this specific store are the fundamental job of a head supervisor. It has been investigated from the contextual analysis that the senior supervisor of Coles is as of now failing to meet expectations to deal with the whole duty at a store. In this manner, worker inspiration has been considered as one of the best highlights of execution the board (Kerr and Hayward 2013). So as to spur the representatives, the HR division of Coles has chosen to keep up powerful correspondence with the senior supervisor so as to realize fundamental issues confronting the working environment. How HRD work coordinates with the associations execution the board work? The presentation the executives practice is exceptionally reliant on human asset division. So as to deal with the exhibition level of workers the human asset directors of Coles have choose to execute representative inspiration, taking fair choice, keeping up relational correspondence, orchestrating reward function for empowering the workers for offering great types of assistance to the clients. It is unavoidable that while persuading the hierarchical workers the human asset supervisors need to assume the significant job. By keeping up a viable relational correspondence the HR supervisors come to know the fundamental issues that the head supervisor of Coles has looked at the work environment (Nielsen 2013). In the wake of speaking with the representative business supervisors will in general give essential arrangements dependent on which workers can get the degree to perform well. Then again, it is additionally certain that with human asset office the whole execution record of workers can't be kept up to assess the exhibition level. From the authoritative contextual analysis of Coles it has been seen that the worker who has failed to meet expectations as senior supervisors have face a portion of the significant issues that is as per the following. Because of the absence of correspondence familiarity the director couldn't give legitimate guidance to the store officials (Rausch, Sheta and Ayesh 2013). Accordingly, the interior administrators couldn't keep up a harmony among flexibly and request. In this sort of circumstance clients of Coles neglected to get appropriate administrations from the representatives. Then again, it has likewise been seen that the head supervisor proposed to take one-sided choice towards the workers of explicit societies and convictions. Each and every official inside the association isn't treated with equivalent regard and nobility (Schlfke, Silvi and Mller 2012). Accordingly, the inner relationship in the middle of the head supervisor and representatives was not sufficient. So as to bea t this sort of circumstance the senior supervisor neglected to keep up hierarchical conduct and control inside the working environment of Coles. How reward the executives technique fit into the arrangement While leading a viable contextual investigation on the exhibition the board practice of Coles it has been assessed that worker inspiration is the main factors that profoundly influence the presentation level of existing staffs of Coles. As of now talked about, semantic obstructions, social boundaries, strict hindrances are the essential reasons because of which workers of Coles neglected to perform well for meeting the business target (Van Dooren, Bouckaert and Halligan 2015). According to the prize administration methodology, it has been seen that representatives are getting thanks for performing admirably as far as remunerations. Each year's end, Coles business managers will in general orchestrate an honor function for propelling the representatives who have performed well consistently. This specific prize capacity is the methods for inspiration and support for the workers who have performed astoundingly well. Then again, great entertainers become the good example of inspiration fo r those representatives who are failing to meet expectations right now. In this manner, reward the executives methodology is exceptionally viable for execution the board arrangement of Coles. So as to keep up the presentation the board practice of Coles, the human asset directors have chosen to follow persuasive hypothesis at the work environment. According to the idea of inspirational hypothesis representatives need an excitement for performing admirably towards the business procedure. Giving important advantages and offices to the representatives, keeping up solid relational correspondence between the businesses and the representatives, giving great pay and compensation bundles are the huge methods of worker inspiration that Coles will in general follow at their working environment (Wang and Sarkis 2013). So as to improve the exhibition level of senior supervisor Coles carefully utilizes persuasive hypothesis at their working environment dependent on which the important issues looking at the work environment can be settled. Reference List: Aguinis, H., Gottfredson, R.K. what's more, Joo, H., 2012. Utilizing execution the board to win the ability war.Business Horizons,55(6), pp.609-616. Kerr, E.A. furthermore, Hayward, R.A., 2013. Understanding focused execution the executives: upgrading an incentive for patients and human services systems.Jama,310(2), pp.137-138. Nielsen, P.A., 2013. Execution the executives, administrative power, and open assistance performance.Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, p.mut025. Rausch, P., Sheta, A.F. also, Ayesh, A. eds., 2013.Business insight and execution the board: hypothesis, frameworks and mechanical applications. Springer Science Business Media. Schlfke, M., Silvi, R. what's more, Mller, K., 2012. A structure for business investigation in execution management.International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management,62(1), pp.110-122. Van Dooren, W., Bouckaert, G. also, Halligan, J., 2015.Performance administration in the open area. Routledge. Wang, Z. also, Sarkis, J., 2013. Researching the relationship of practical gracefully chain the executives with corporate money related performance.International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management,62(8), pp.871-888.

Seeking an Asylum Power in Caligari and its Relationship to the Viewer - Literature Essay Samples

Seeking an Asylum: Power in Caligari and its Relationship to the Viewer The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1919) is an allegory of the abuses of the older generation of political authorities, who irrationally led younger generations of Germans into WWI (Nestrick 7). The film’s villain Dr. Caligari/ the Director embodies this tyrannical power over the young German population, which is captured in the mise-en-scene. However, his power extends beyond merely what appears before the camera to the control of the camera, the narrative, and the spectatorship. This absolute control runs through the entire film and eventually transforms the audience into patients of an asylum, who grasp for answers and question their own sanity. Caligari first appears within the film walking up the stairs from the carnival in a slow and unstable gate. His white gloves are streaked with black lines, just as the audience later finds his hair to be. An iris/matte shot centers his face in a frame su ggesting that he should be focused on, even within this harsh world of German expressionist sets, for it is he that controls this world. The audience gains a glimpse into the depth of Caligari’s power within the town hall. The walls of the hall are streaked with black lines just like Caligari’s gloves and hair, which implies that Caligari is part of the structure of power, a motif that later becomes more substantial when he is discovered to be the director (Whissel lecture). The matching streaked walls also serve to foreshadow the death of the town clerk who treats Caligari as if he were a second-class citizen. Caligari usurps his power by having Cesare murder the clerk. The clerk is the only other strong figure of authority within Francis’ narrative and with him removed, Caligari becomes the only source and holder of massive power (Whissel lecture). Caligari’s manipulative and tyrannical nature is even reflected in the set design. However, Caligariâ€⠄¢s wealth of power does not end there, but continues to grow in subtler moments throughout the film. Later in the film, the audience discovers that Caligari is the â€Å"Director† of the mental institution. With Caligari, â€Å"Director† becomes more than a title, but a way to better understand his power. His relationship with Cesare, the somnambulist, can be looked at in terms of Caligari’s direction of him. In the first scene with Cesare coming out of the cabinet, Caligari directs the somnambulists’ movements, like a puppeteer would his marionette (Nestrick 18). This references the control of the German government that sent soldiers out to fight the war. Caligari’s absolute power as a director comes to fruition when he directs the camera, taking control of the film itself. The Cabinet’s composition of shots relies strongly upon tableaux framing, a theatrical motif, allowing a limited view of the off-screen space and filmic world. Cl ose-ups and medium shots are used to articulate space, but otherwise the camera remains static. However, there is one shot in the entire film in which the camera pans and tracks movement – the moment when Jane ventures to the carnival and meets Dr. Caligari. Caligari invites her into his tent with broad gestures motioning her into his domain. These inviting gestures not only move Jane into the tent, but the camera as well as it tracks their movement. Caligari is not only able to direct people, but the camera, which renders the entire narrative under his sway. If Caligari can control the camera, he controls what the audience sees, in the same manner that he controls what Francis sees and believes. Francis’ narrative constitutes the film’s frame device, which appears to mitigate the film’s critique of power by making the story the ravings of a â€Å"madman.† However, the inconsistencies in Francis’ narrative ultimately enhance the filmà ¢â‚¬â„¢s overall message of the corrupt and abusive power of the older generation of Germans. Francis’ narrative, although clear, relates information he was not privy to for instance, the details of Alan’s murder. In the murder scene, the audience encounters a fluid sequence of the murder, which could point to the fact that Francis is actually the murderer. However, it also could be Francis purely creating this brutality, which he did not experience, to persuade his asylum friend of his case against the Director. The most likely option appears to be that Francis’ story is not entirely under his control; it could have been collaborated on in the form of brainwashing. Another instance in the film, which points to this collaboration, occurs when Francis discovers the diary of the Director. Francis’ reading of the diary is crosscut with the Director sleeping. Crosscutting implies simultaneity and there is no possible way for Francis to have constructe d this by himself, since he only receives second hand information about the sleeping Director and has never seen the man’s villa. The Director, of course, does know what the villa looks like and what he was doing at the time of Francis’ reading. Therefore, the Director could have fueled Francis’ narrative and perhaps corrupted it to make Francis seem insane while Francis has been at the asylum. The last lines of the film, which come from Caligari, further evidence this interpretation â€Å"At last I understand his mania. He thinks that I am that mystic Caligari! And now I also know how to cure him.† The Director does not tell us how he will cure Francis, which leads to an open, unresolved ending. However, this statement comes within the same iris/matte shot that occurred at the beginning of the entry into Francis’ story, which signals the beginning of a new story told by the Director. After already capturing control within the mind of Francis, the Director now assumes control of the narrative outside of Francis’ mind. He now not only controls the mise-en-scene and the camera, but also the narrative, which inspires the audience’s paranoia. It becomes difficult to distinguish the outside world from the world of Francis’ narrative. Francis’ narrative contains the German Expressionist sets that represent the harsh world in which Francis resides. Outside of his mind the sets have a more naturalistic rendering. Despite these differences, the Holstenwall mental institution appears exactly the same within the frame and outside of it. In addition, the filmic techniques such as the iris and matte shots are used in both narrative spaces. Nothing in the camera or editing’s representation of the world changes in either Francis’ story or the story outside of his. Consistent in both narrative settings is the control exerted by either Caligari or the Director over the younger generation. Str angely, Caligari controls only Cesar in the world of â€Å"fantasy,† however in â€Å"reality† the Director controls all those who reside in the asylum. In reality the older generation holds even more control because they determine who can be categorized as insane; they control sanity. Francis succeeds in taking down the tyranny in his â€Å"fantasy† world, but outside his narrative fails to overthrow the director revealing that in reality, the possibility of overthrowing these power structures are an illusion. Although reality and illusion appear to be separated, in fact they are mixed and even intertwined. The film purposely makes it difficult to draw a line between reality and illusion creating a sense of madness in the viewer just as Caligari/the Director creates madness within Francis. The film’s original advertising campaign centered on the phrase â€Å"You must become Caligari† (Coates 111). The film follows this motto, for his power exists in every facet, blurring the lines or reality and fiction and leaving the audience and the characters of the younger generation in a daze, struggling to decipher what they have seen. Caligari’s power in the film is much like the scene where the name Caligari keeps appearing and disappearing before the Director in the courtyard. It drives the Director insane for he cannot escape it just as Caligari’s power in the film is all encompassing. The power and tyrannical nature of Caligari pervade almost all aspects of the film, whether it is the narrative, the camera movement, the mise-en-scene, or the spectatorship.

Why Thanksgiving Dinner Makes You So Sleepy

Does a big turkey dinner make you sleepy? Unless a microwave dinner is your idea of a Thanksgiving feast, you probably have had firsthand experience with the after-dinner fatigue that sets in after the meal. Why do you want a nap? To escape the dishes? Perhaps, but the meal itself plays a big part in the way you feel. L-Tryptophan and Turkey The turkey is often cited as the culprit in after-dinner lethargy, but the truth is that you could omit the bird altogether and still feel the effects of the feast. Turkey does contain L-tryptophan, an essential amino acid with a documented sleep inducing effect. L-tryptophan is used in the body to produce the B-vitamin, niacin. Tryptophan also can be metabolized into serotonin and melatonin, neurotransmitters that exert a calming effect and regulates sleep. However, L-tryptophan needs to be taken on an empty stomach and without any other amino acids or protein in order to make you drowsy. Theres lots of protein in a serving of turkey and its probably not the only food on the table. Its worth noting that other foods contain as much or more tryptophan than turkey (0.333 g of tryptophan per 100-gram edible portion), including chicken (0.292 g of tryptophan per 100-gram edible portion), pork, and cheese. As with turkey, other amino acids are present in these foods besides tryptophan, so they dont make you sleepy. L-Tryptophan and Carbohydrates L-tryptophan may be found in turkey and other dietary proteins, but its actually a carbohydrate-rich (as opposed to protein-rich) meal that increases the level of this amino acid in the brain and leads to serotonin synthesis. Carbohydrates stimulate the pancreas to secrete insulin. When this occurs, some amino acids that compete with tryptophan leave the bloodstream and enter muscle cells. This causes an increase in the relative concentration of tryptophan in the bloodstream. Serotonin is synthesized and you feel that familiar sleepy feeling. Fats Fats slow down the digestive system, giving Thanksgiving dinner plenty of time to take effect. Fats also take a lot of energy to digest, so the body will redirect blood to your digestive system to tackle the job. Since you have less blood flow elsewhere, you will feel less energetic after eating a meal rich in fats. Alcohol Alcohol is a central nervous system depressant. If alcoholic beverages are part of the holiday celebration, then they will add to the nap-factor. Overeating It takes a great deal of energy to digest a large meal. When your stomach is full, blood is directed away from other organ systems, including your nervous system. The result? You will feel the need to snooze after any big meal, particularly if it is high in fats and carbohydrates. Relaxation Although many people find the holidays stressful, the most relaxing part of the festivities is likely to be the meal. No matter what you may have been doing throughout the day, Thanksgiving dinner provides an opportunity to sit back and relax -- a feeling that can carry over after the meal. So, why are you sleepy after a big turkey dinner? Its a combination of the type of food, amount of food, and celebratory atmosphere. Happy Thanksgiving!

Oedipus the King and Alienation - 2026 Words

Alienation Alienation is the process of becoming a separate part of the society; this is connected to the social side of life. It leaves one with a feeling of loneliness, which can either be mental or physical. As a result, characters in this instance become alienated from the world they live in. Three examples of characters who suffer from alienation are Oedipus from the play Oedipus the King, â€Å"the monster† from the novel Frankenstein, and Hamlet in the play Hamlet. These three characters go through the several stages of alienation to relieve themselves from the feeling of†¦show more content†¦His boat gets stuck hundreds of miles from land in sheets of ice. He decides to write a letter to his sister back in England and he talks about how he wants a male friend to keep him company on the boat. Walton then runs into Victor, a very strange man to say the least. Victor talks about his life to Walton and explains about this creature he made out of human corpses. Back in Geneva , Victor’s hometown, his brother is murdered. The house servant, Justine, is accused of the murder of William. Victor realizes the monster he made is the murderer and Justine is in fact innocent. Victor decides to go on a trip to the Swiss Alps to sleep and relax. Victor ends up running into the monster. The monster tells him a sad story about how he was alienated from the world and how he killed the boy out of revenge. The monster is mad that he was made alone and has no friends. He talks about how he has a miserable life. The monster says â€Å"I, the miserable and the abandoned, am an abortion, to be spurned at, and kicked, and trampled on† (Shelley 67). He explains a story about how a family of cottagers gave him hope that he would soon find compassion. They ended up deserting him and driving him away and this was his last chance to connect with society. â€Å"I am alone and miserable: man will not associate with me; but one as deformed and horrible as myself woul d not deny herself to me. My companion must be of the same species and have the sameShow MoreRelatedCharacters Of Characters Ordinary People And The Play Oedipus At Colonus 1691 Words   |  7 PagesAlienation is when someone is being isolated from a group or an activity to which one should be involved. Throughout The novels Ordinary People by Judith Guest, Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, and the play Oedipus at Colonus by Sophocles, alienation is shown. In Ordinary People, Conrad suffers from depression. His brother Buck died in a Boat accident which Conrad feels responsible for. Ever sense that Conrad and his family have never been the same. 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The Chorus first speech to Oedipus describes the plague that has infected the city. As Oedipus insists he wants to find the murderer of Laius, the Chorus suggest that he ask Teiresias (page 194). The Chorus here prompts the actor to step further towards his impending fate. The Chorus also prove to be a calming influence, trying to mediate between Teiresias, Oedipus, Creon

Wind Energy free essay sample

Renewable sources of energy Wind energy Wind Energy,  energy  contained  in the force of the winds blowing across the earth’s surface. When harnessed, wind energy can be converted into mechanical energy for performing work such as pumping water, grinding grain, and milling lumber. By connecting a spinning rotor (an assembly of blades attached to a hub) to an electric generator, modern wind turbines convert wind energy, which turns the rotor, into electrical energy. writing service in linux Because  wind  is  a  clean and renew able source of energy, modern wind turbines had been installed in 26 countries by 2007, including such nations as Germany, Denmark, India, China, and the United States, to supplement more traditional sources of electric power, such as burning coal. Design improvements such as more efficient rotor blades combined with an increase in the numbers of wind turbines installed, have helped increase the world’s wind energy generating capacity by nearly 150 percent since 1990. We will write a custom essay sample on Wind Energy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Windmill,  machine  that  converts wind into useful energy. This energy is derived from the force of wind acting on oblique blades or sails that radiate from a shaft. The turning shaft may be connected to machinery used to perform such work as milling grain, pumping water, or generating electricity. When the shaft is connected to a load, such as a pump, the device is typically called a windmill. When it is used to generate electricity, it is known as a wind turbine generator. Besides  milling  grain and irrigating farmland, windmills developed from the 15th century to the 19th century were adapted to a variety of tasks, including pumping seawater from land below sea level, sawing wood, making paper, pressing oil from seeds, and grinding many different materials. By the 19th century the Dutch had built about 9000 windmills. In 2006 the United States became the world’s third largest producer of energy from wind power, generating more than 11. 5 megawatts of electricity. Wind Energy System Components Modern  wind  energy  systems consist of three basic components Tower Improvements  in  structural design and construction materials have led to the construction of taller towers, allowing rotors to be mounted farther off the ground, where winds are typically stronger. Wind turbine towers, which house the cables that conduct electricity from the generator through the base of the tower, can be constructed from metal, reinforced plastics, and concret [pic] [pic] [pic]

Letter to an Unknown Woman Review Essay Example

Letter to an Unknown Woman Review Paper Essay on Letter to an Unknown Woman Mixed feelings arose in me after reading this story, letter: I felt like a target, and swept shivers, I turned into the invisible observer of human life, whose eyes now and then clouded with tears and my heart jumped out of my skin. Described events gave rise to exciting, do not let the picture, and the characters -. Vivid images In the summary correctly stated Zweig brilliant master of psychological prose As he brilliantly reveals the character of the hero.! Bonton makes him a knight, pleasant appearance attractive and literary craft mysterious. And for such a rich entourage step by step opens idle, even cynical personality We have Wilson accurate aphorism:. Indifference is the highest cruelty. I myself avoid flat in peoples lives. It seems that they live on a low note, and none of them can not worry. And figure out who they are there, inside, is not possible. I do not know about you, but I am horrible with these. We will write a custom essay sample on Letter to an Unknown Woman Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Letter to an Unknown Woman Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Letter to an Unknown Woman Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer And so, young, delicate, feminine creation meets on his his way. Oh, how easy creates a halo around it, and waking up with him in the adolescent female, rushing to their fate, as in the abyss. And she was nowhere to escape from his burning, wraparound sight Human life is burned and burned . » The little creature, doomed to loneliness among men. To tell someone to explain from whom wait for help ?! The sudden move to another city, it would seem, is to negate the childrens dreams, but the feeling just gets stronger and blooms body When he returned, the clock is standing under a native windows, not daring to go up the familiar stairs. once again, I remembered the aphorism: If a woman does not know what she wants, she does not want you » discharged obstanovkuï Å ))) Oh, he dolt. , a woman proshlyapil. She just wanted him. And it began to desire other men. He loved her several times. Illegitimate son could join them, but proud by nature, never learned how to like each time a part of his life again, could not bear it, You did not know me then, nor after; you never recognize me. How to tell you, darling, all the disappointment that moment? After all, if the first time I experienced something that I doomed fate, have not you learned all his life, until his death  »  « To you, never known me.  »

Understanding Confidence Intervals

Understanding Confidence Intervals Inferential statistics gets its name from what happens in this branch of statistics. Rather than simply describe a set of data, inferential statistics seeks to infer something about a population on the basis of a statistical sample. One specific goal in inferential statistics involves the determination of the value of an unknown population parameter. The range of values that we use to estimate this parameter is called a confidence interval. The Form of a Confidence Interval A confidence interval consists of two parts. The first part is the estimate of the population parameter. We obtain this estimate by using a simple random sample. From this sample, we calculate the statistic that corresponds to the parameter that we wish to estimate. For example, if we were interested in the mean height of all first-grade students in the United States, we would use a simple random sample of U.S. first graders, measure all of them and then compute the mean height of our sample. The second part of a confidence interval is the margin of error. This is necessary because our estimate alone may be different from the true value of the population parameter. In order to allow for other potential values of the parameter, we need to produce a range of numbers. The margin of error does this, and every confidence interval is of the following form: Estimate  ± Margin of Error The estimate is in the center of the interval, and then we subtract and add the margin of error from this estimate to obtain a range of values for the parameter. Confidence Level Attached to every confidence interval is a level of confidence. This is a probability or percent that indicates how much certainty we should be attributed to our confidence interval. If all other aspects of a situation are identical, the higher the confidence level the wider the confidence interval. This level of confidence can lead to some confusion. It is not a statement about the sampling procedure or population. Instead, it is giving an indication of the success of the process of construction of a confidence interval. For example, confidence intervals with confidence of 80 percent will, in the long run, miss the true population parameter one out of every five times. Any number from zero to one could, in theory, be used for a confidence level. In practice 90 percent, 95 percent and 99 percent are all common confidence levels. Margin of Error The margin of error of a confidence level is determined by a couple of factors. We can see this by examining the formula for margin of error. A margin of error is of the form: Margin of Error (Statistic for Confidence Level) * (Standard Deviation/Error) The statistic for the confidence level depends upon what probability distribution is being used and what level of confidence we have chosen. For example, if Cis our confidence level and we are working with a normal distribution, then C is the area under the curve between -z* to z*. This number z* is the number in our margin of error formula. Standard Deviation or Standard Error The other term necessary in our margin of error is the standard deviation or standard error. The standard deviation of the distribution that we are working with is preferred here. However, typically parameters from the population are unknown. This number is not usually available when forming confidence intervals in practice. To deal with this uncertainty in knowing the standard deviation we instead use the standard error. The standard error that corresponds to a standard deviation is an estimate of this standard deviation. What makes the standard error so powerful is that it is calculated from the simple random sample that is used to calculate our estimate. No extra information is necessary as the sample does all of the estimation for us. Different Confidence Intervals There are a variety of different situations that call for confidence intervals. These confidence intervals are used to estimate a number of different parameters. Although these aspects are different, all of these confidence intervals are united by the same overall format. Some common confidence intervals are those for a population mean, population variance, population proportion, the difference of two population means and the difference of two population proportions.

Implementing Sustainability in Certain Profession Essay

Implementing Sustainability in Certain Profession - Essay Example For example, the pits that remains after minerals have been extracted should be manage effectively to ensure that people living around those areas are free from any form of hazard that could jeopardize their lives. Therefore, as a professional mining engineer at Maaden Company, my responsibilities will include but not limited to, carrying out skillful and comprehensive investigation on areas of minerals deposits. Secondly conducting profitability assessment in collaboration with economist and geologist to determine how mining activities can be carried out in a profitable manner. The third responsibility will involve utilization of information technology systems such as computers software’s to compute cost that will be incurred mining. In addition, the computers systems will be applied in the preparation of project management plan for mining purposes. For example, mining engineer will be responsible for preparing a plan that will include the following elements; underground mini ng operations, pits, haulage pathways and open cut-operations (Hartman, Howard and Jan, p.37). The mining engineer will further be responsible for coordinating Maaden company mining staff and resources in a manner that promote sustainable development. Mining engineer will further work in liaise with geological engineers in designing, selection and outsourcing necessary materials such as mining machines, power and water to be utilized in mining. In addition, mining engineer will oversee mining construction by establishing a first aid tools that will be utilized to emergencies research execution in order to promote sustainable development in the mining industry (Hartman, Howard and Jan, p.37). The impact of mining Engineering remains remarkable in business environment today. Whereby, proper and effective mining has been one of the major sources of revenue in most countries. For instance, oil and gold exporting countries tend to obtain substantial amount of income from the sale of thos e minerals. This has further led to numerous positive economic impacts such poverty, employment creation and increase in GDP. In addition, a new invention in mining engineering has significantly to operation efficiency. Current Sustainability Initiatives in Mining Industry Over the recent times, various sustainability programs have been established after mining professional being criticized by the community for causing adverse environmental impacts such as land and air pollution. Therefore, various mining companies came together to establish a program commonly known as Mining Minerals and Sustainable Development (MMSD). The key drivers for this program include: corporation among mining departments in reviewing performance against sustainable development. Inclusion of sustainable development initiatives into law has made mining companies and community to be responsible towards ensuring a sustainable business environment (International Council of Mining, p.7). The Mining Mineral and S ustainability Development program (MMSD) has been able to achieve the following developments over the recent times: Major mining companies had embraced periodic performance reporting requirements based on the key principles of sustainable development. Whereby, mining firms and investors have become responsible in ensuring that there is conformity in reporting and assurance based on the sustainable development requirements. Sustainable programs have helped the society to realize that mining can

Preparing to Conduct Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Preparing to Conduct Business - Essay Example ductivity as the cost of laying-off the tenured employees, as well as coping for the remaining or new managers in the newly-built structure of the company. Possible research questions for the scenario are: 1) Should the functions for each job description be adjusted to suit the new organizational structure? 2) How many tenured employees must be retained in order to keep the company working smoothly as before, and at the same time within the new structure’s limits? And 3) Would the gap between costs and profits after restructuring increase or decrease, as compared to the old structure, and by how much? Possible hypotheses, which can be either a null hypothesis (no difference between X and Y) or alternative hypothesis (X is better than Y, or vice versa) for the given scenario can be deduced using the example research questions stated above: 1) Ho: The old job descriptions can still be used for the new structure of the company. Ha: Job descriptions must be updated to suit the new organizational structure. 2) Ho: No need to hire more than 3% of the original employees since this is enough to both train the new hires and keep the organization going. Ha: Hiring at least 50% of the original employees would be enough to train the new hires and keep the organization sailing. 3) Ho: The gap between cost and profits would be the same as in the old structure. Ha: Gap between cost and profit can either be: cost is greater than profits, or profits are greater than cost. While business restructuring is a strategy usually undertaken by many companies to cut costs, there are many things to be considered before undertaking such a task (Zilka 13). In order to be able to maximize profits as well as the cuts in costs, the business must have a solid program as its foundation. There must be sufficient data, analytics as well as benchmarking in order to gauge the new program’s effectiveness (14). This would ensure that the new organizational structure would be able to save more and

Vidsoft technologies Essay Example for Free

Vidsoft technologies Essay Vidsoft technologies was an Internet company in California and it developed enterprise software to solve the procurement needs for its clients such as Cisco systems, Johnson and Johnson and Telespain companies. Keith Nash who was the companys chief executive officer of Vidsoft had instilled a culture in the organization where employees were free to speak their minds, work hard and deliver customer satisfaction because he believed that so long as the Vidsoft customers were success full, so would the company. The organization also encouraged employees and it had several motivational activities for its employees which included football pingpong tables and social gathering during Fridays so that the employees can enjoy themselves and feel free to talk about the events of the week and what they felt about the company or any situation which may be there. Managers were promoted from within the organization and the company always looked for those who were better than the existing ones. However as Internet need expanded, they few individuals remaining demanded high salaries therefore the criteria for hiring people relaxed where they chose to employ people then train them. Babatunde was the senior technical support manager, Hsu was a technical support engineer who was a hard worker but was not a team player and wanted to climb the corporate ladder faster. Babatunde promoted Li into management and although she was determined to fit, Hsu was not happy that Li was his boss and wanted to be transferred to another group because he did not respect Li, he joined Vidsoft because of Babatunde and therefore wanted him to remain his boss and that Li was not experienced for the job so there was nothing which he would learn from her. Although Babatunde tried to resolve the situation, Hsu did not want to be under Li and she did not want him to leave because she feared that others may have negative views of her. In this case Babatunde can resolve this situation by making Hsu the manager of the group dealing with the other line of the product because it did not yet have a manager and he had necessary skills for the position. This would be a powerful motivator for Hsu and he would be able to learn to associate with others and also involve himself in the team work which was highly valued by the company. The internal promotion of Hsu would also generate loyalty through his recognition and it would increase his morale by fulfilling his need of increased status and his want to climb up the corporate ladder. This is because Hsu was an experienced person for the managerial job and with his degree in computer engineering, he would effectively manage the other group and bring good results to the customers and the company. Due to Hsu attitude and his response to Lis promotion, there was no surety that he would be comfortable with the other new manager who would be brought to manage the other group if he was to be shifted from Lis team. This therefore means that if he was the manager, he would be directly under Babatunde which he always wanted and he would be comfortable in his position. Through this promotion also, others would not despise Li as they had already started to be influenced by Hsus attitude because there would be a good reason for removing Hsu under her management. This situation could have been avoided initially by first talking to each and everyone in the group which was to be managed by Li about the decision of promoting her as their manager. Those not comfortable like Hsu would have then been given the chance to move to the other group initially therefore the problem would not have occurred. Other employees would have also been informed about the promotion so that whoever who might has been interested such as Hsu would have a chance to be taken as one of the candidates to fill the position. In future, this problem can be avoided by talking to all the people concerned and the entire group which will be managed before making the move of promoting one of them so that they are all comfortable with the decision. Others should also be taught on how to accept others and their capabilities but not just think of themselves and how they can be able to move up the corporate ladder, they should be made to think of the company first and how it can be made to improve it and this will in future prevent such scenarios from reoccurring. The employees should also be taught ti respect each other and be ready to work under the supervision of any of them who would be promoted for a more superior position. Vidsoft technologies and its management should also provide opportunities to the employees through a job-bidding procedure or during the performance evaluation of employees by the managers to declare any interest which any of them may have in a specific promotion opportunity in the organization. The employees should be notified that they should identify higher positions which they may be interested in and they should not only use a general statement that they would someday want to have a better job but they should be clear and specific so that the management can be aware and therefore monitor such an employee for any possibilities of leadership or management skills. Performance evaluation should also be conducted on all the employees on basis of written specifications and all the standards which are related to the job and the appraisal should also be written so that they can be used in future. Vidsoft managers should conduct meetings with individual employees so they their evaluations can be signed and also determine their abilities in management. A system should also be developed so that the employees can be alerted on when any promotional opportunity is available in the organization so that they can have a chance to express their interest in the positions given (Devon 2007). Transactional leadership works in situations where clear structures are created and it is very clear of what is needed of the subordinates and the rewards they are meant to get when they follow orders given to them by their seniors. Although punishments are not mentioned, the subordinates understands them well and there are formal ways of instilling discipline in them which is put in place. The early stage of transactional leadership is where the contract is negotiated, and the subordinates are given salaries and benefits and managers gets authority over the subordinates in the company. The work allocated to subordinates by the managers is considered his/her responsibility whether or not there are resources available to do the work and in case anything goes wrong during work, the subordinate is seen to be at fault and is given a punishment for the failure just the way they are rewarded if they succeed in their work. The transactional leaders uses management by exception where they work on the principle that if something is operating to defined performance, then it does not need to be given any attention and that exceptions require praise for exceeding expectations and collective action is applied for performances which are below expectations. Transactional leadership is based on contingency where reward or punishment are contingent upon a persons performance. It is still a popular approach for managers despite its limitations such as the assumption of the rational man who is seen as a person who is mostly motivated by the money given to him/her or the simple rewards offered therefore their behaviors can be predicted. While the common transactional leadership relies on the assumptions about human beings, their motivators and how the organizations work, today these assumptions are seen as incorrect, false and inaccurate. This kind of leadership is linked to behaviorist approach to human functioning which is incomplete and it focuses more on management not leadership. Transformational leadership Transformational leadership is the process which changes or transforms individuals where they are made to want change, to improve and to be led. They access employees motives, satisfy their needs and value them and they are likely to make the organizational more successful. Transformational leadership begins with development of a vision which may emerge from different discussions and then the vision is sold where the transformational leaders convince others to contribute. The leaders seeks to transform the organization as well as the followers so that they can be good leaders. The major differences between transformational and transactional leadership is that while transformational leadership deals with building need and meaning in individuals, transactional leadership deals with building on the need to get the job done and make a living out of it. Second is that transformational leadership is usually pre-occupied with purposes, values, morals and ethics while transactional leadership is pre occupied with power and position, perks and politics. Transformational leadership transcends daily affairs and is oriented towards the long term goals without compromising on the human values and principles while transactional leaders swamp daily affairs and look at short term goals. The transformational leaders separates causes and symptoms and work to prevent and treat, and it focuses more on missions and strategies to achieve the goals, it makes the full use of the available resources such as human interactions, they design and redesign jobs so that they are meaningful and challenging and strive to work effectively within the human potential in the current systems of the organization and they align the internal structures and systems to reinforce the goals which have been set. On the other hand, transactional leaders confuses the causes and the symptoms, they focus on the tactical issues, rely on human relations to oil, they follow and fulfill the expectations from their roles and they support structures which reinforce they organizations goals (Bass Riggio 2005). Transformational leadership creation of a moral aspiration for followers and leaders alike Transformational leaders motivate their followers so that they can take action and do their work well by appealing to the shared goals and values and by satisfying the higher order needs of the people whom they are leading. They satisfy the aspirations and expectations of the people whom they are leading and it becomes moral because it raises the level of human conduct as well as their level of ethical aspirations of both the transformational leader and the people whom they are leading and therefore it has a transforming effect on both the leader as well as the led. Transformational leaders fosters the appropriate changes by adding into and shaping the common goals, needs and wants between them and followers and they also develop and carry an evaluation of others in accordance to the set values in the organization. There are four factors of transformational leadership which create a high level of moral inspiration to both the leaders and their followers, these are one, it has an idealized influence which describes managers who are exemplary role models for associates and therefore the followers like them because they believe that they will help them. Second is inspirational motivation which describes managers who motivates their followers to commit to the organizations vision and they also encourage team spirit to reach the already set goals. Third is intellectual stimulation which describes the managers who encourage innovation and creativity through challenging beliefs or views given by a group and the forth is individual consideration which describes managers who act as coaches and advisors to the associates or followers by encouraging them to reach goals so that they can help themselves as well as the organization (Sadler 2003).

Abortion and the Media :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

On March 11, 1997, US Senate and House Committees met jointly to hear testimony on "Partial-Birth Abortion: The Truth." The following testimony was presented by Helen Alvare, director of Planning and Information of the NCCB, specifying the lack of accuracy, if not purposeful lies, of the media regarding this abortion technique: Another theme that featured prominently in our educational materials was the way that I proponents of partial-birth abortion were repeating false information -- and getting away with it in the press. A few examples will illustrate. I was interviewed last June by Eric Zorn, a columnist from the Chicago Tribune. Mr. Zorn's "thesis," as he explained it to me, was this: if any partial birth abortions were being performed for truly "elective" reasons, for reasons the public would consider nonserious, as the pro-life movement was claiming, the movement should produce the mothers involved. I explained at some length that it wasn't "the movement" claiming that the majority of these procedures were "elective", this fact was asserted by the partial-birth abortion providers themselves. I sent Zorn Dr. Haskell's statements as quoted in the American Medical News. I also sent the charts Dr. McMahon had provided to the Subcommittee on the Constitution in which he had detailed the rationales for abortions he had performed. These documents showed the elective nature of the majority of these procedures -- and in the words of the abortionists themselves. I asked Zorn to reconsider his own logic: aren't patient records confidentia l and in the possession of the abortion providers themselves, I asked? And if you were a woman who had your healthy child aborted would you be eager to go public? Nothing, however, could shake Mr. Zorn's tenacious grip on his thesis. He ended up writing- "That explanation won't do. If these once callous, cruel, selfish women who drive this national debate truly exist, let's hear from ." (June 6, 1996). In a follow-up column, he wrote: "Well, there are late-term abortions, there are "partial-birth" abortions and there are abortions performed for non-medical or elective reasons. We find very little overlap ... because later-term abortions are very rare and almost always performed for serious medical reasons. . .." (June 13, 1996). Since Mr. Zorn's column, regarding the reasons partial-birth abortions are performed, the Bergen Record quoted an abortionist whose clinic performs about 1500 of these per year stating-. "Most are for elective, not medical, reasons: people who didn't realize, or didn't care, how far along they were. Abortion and the Media :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics On March 11, 1997, US Senate and House Committees met jointly to hear testimony on "Partial-Birth Abortion: The Truth." The following testimony was presented by Helen Alvare, director of Planning and Information of the NCCB, specifying the lack of accuracy, if not purposeful lies, of the media regarding this abortion technique: Another theme that featured prominently in our educational materials was the way that I proponents of partial-birth abortion were repeating false information -- and getting away with it in the press. A few examples will illustrate. I was interviewed last June by Eric Zorn, a columnist from the Chicago Tribune. Mr. Zorn's "thesis," as he explained it to me, was this: if any partial birth abortions were being performed for truly "elective" reasons, for reasons the public would consider nonserious, as the pro-life movement was claiming, the movement should produce the mothers involved. I explained at some length that it wasn't "the movement" claiming that the majority of these procedures were "elective", this fact was asserted by the partial-birth abortion providers themselves. I sent Zorn Dr. Haskell's statements as quoted in the American Medical News. I also sent the charts Dr. McMahon had provided to the Subcommittee on the Constitution in which he had detailed the rationales for abortions he had performed. These documents showed the elective nature of the majority of these procedures -- and in the words of the abortionists themselves. I asked Zorn to reconsider his own logic: aren't patient records confidentia l and in the possession of the abortion providers themselves, I asked? And if you were a woman who had your healthy child aborted would you be eager to go public? Nothing, however, could shake Mr. Zorn's tenacious grip on his thesis. He ended up writing- "That explanation won't do. If these once callous, cruel, selfish women who drive this national debate truly exist, let's hear from ." (June 6, 1996). In a follow-up column, he wrote: "Well, there are late-term abortions, there are "partial-birth" abortions and there are abortions performed for non-medical or elective reasons. We find very little overlap ... because later-term abortions are very rare and almost always performed for serious medical reasons. . .." (June 13, 1996). Since Mr. Zorn's column, regarding the reasons partial-birth abortions are performed, the Bergen Record quoted an abortionist whose clinic performs about 1500 of these per year stating-. "Most are for elective, not medical, reasons: people who didn't realize, or didn't care, how far along they were.

Government Current Event Essay

Being one of the future teachers of Texas, it is important for teachers/students as well as parent to understand what their children are learning in school. It is most especially important for the parents to participate with their children at home. But at the same time all states shouldn’t be the same when it comes to a lot of things, one of them being education. The Common Core Learning Standards/Common Core approach sets ambitious goals for math, reading and writing skills as children move through school. The Common Core has already been adapted to 45 states; Alaska, Texas, Nebraska, Virginia, and Minnesota are not included. This means that these 45 states are now spending a ton of money on new books, new teachers/staff/principals, and some are implementing intense trainings for current staff. Both teachers and staff are going through the pressure of having to be constantly watched and monitored to make sure they are meeting the scores, otherwise they will get fired. In chapter 3 of The Struggle for Democracy, federalism is the division and sharing of powers between the federal and state government. The topic of Common Core and how it’s getting implemented to the school is a state government issue. But having put more thought into the issue, this is actually in some way a federal government issue. Yes the state government votes â€Å"for the people† on whether certain states should even implement the program, but the federal government is the one that will be funding the actual program. Which is a perfect example of what it talks about in our reading of Chapter 3 in The Struggle for Democracy of how the U.S government is a central government; we share powers between the federal/states government. The Common Core issue must be settled with not only the states government but also the federal government. This is an important topic because, as a future teacher and a future mother, in some way it relates to all everyone. Our education and how it’s funded is so poor right now because the people just aren’t informed. We must get informed in order to get educated. I do believe in the quote â€Å"The children of today are the people of tomorrow.†

Describing Non-Disabled Children as Typical

Typical, or Typically Developing is the most appropriate way to describe children who are not receiving special education services. Normal is frankly offensive since it implies that a special education child is abnormal.  It also implies that there is a single norm for children.  Instead, it is preferred to refer to children without disabilities as typical because they have the behavior, intellectual ability and functional skills we would typically see in children of their age. How Mental Disability Used to be Defined At one time, the only measure of whether a child was disabled was how he or she performed on a measure of Intelligence, known as an IQ Test. Describing the intellectual disability of a child was defined by the number of IQ points below the mean of 100 a child would fall.  20 points was mildly retarded, 40 Points was severely retarded.  Now, a child is to be considered disabled if her or she fails to respond to intervention, or RTI.  Instead of performance on an intelligence test, the childs disability is defined by his or her difficulty with grade appropriate academic material. How to Define Typical A Typical child would perform within a standard deviation of the mean of all childrens performance.  In other words, the distance on either side of the mean that represents the largest part of the curve of the population. We also can benchmark the social behavior of typical children as well.  The ability to talk in complete sentences, the ability to initiation and maintain conversational exchange are behaviors, behaviors for which speech language pathologists have created norms.  Oppositional defiant behavior can also be compared to the behavior expected of a child of the same age without disruptive or aggressive behavior. Finally, there are functional skills which children typically acquire at certain ages, such as dressing themselves, feeding themselves and typing their own shoes.  These can also be bench marked for typical children.  At what age, does a child child tie his or her shoes?  At what age does a child typically cut his or her own food, using both hemispheres. Typical is especially appropriate when comparing a typically developing child with a child on the autism spectrum.  Children with autism spectrum disorders have a great many language, social, physical and cognitive deficits.  In many cases they are related to developmental delays that children with autism experience.  It is often in contrast to typically developing children that we can best describe the needs of special education children. These students are sometimes referred to as Regular Education Students or General Education Students. Example of How to Use the Word   Ms. Johnson looks for as many opportunities as possible for her students with severe cognitive challenges to engage their typical peers.  Typical children encouraged the children with disabilities while at the same time modeling age appropriate behavior.